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BMC Urology Apr 2023Few studies have compared the use of transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure prostate volume (PV). In this study, we evaluate... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Few studies have compared the use of transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure prostate volume (PV). In this study, we evaluate the accuracy and reliability of PV measured by TAUS and MRI.
METHODS
A total of 106 patients who underwent TAUS and MRI prior to radical prostatectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The TAUS-based and MRI-based PV were calculated using the ellipsoid formula. The specimen volume measured by the water-displacement method was used as a reference standard. Correlation analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were performed to compare different measurement methods and Bland Altman plots were drawn to assess the agreement.
RESULTS
There was a high degree of correlation and agreement between the specimen volume and PV measured with TAUS (r = 0.838, p < 0.01; ICC = 0.83) and MRI (r = 0.914, p < 0.01; ICC = 0.90). TAUS overestimated specimen volume by 2.4ml, but the difference was independent of specimen volume (p = 0.19). MRI underestimated specimen volume by 1.7ml, the direction and magnitude of the difference varied with specimen volume (p < 0.01). The percentage error of PV measured by TAUS and MRI was within ± 20% in 65/106(61%) and 87/106(82%), respectively. In patients with PV greater than 50 ml, MRI volume still correlated strongly with specimen volume (r = 0.837, p < 0.01), while TAUS volume showed only moderate correlation with specimen (r = 0.665, p < 0.01) or MRI volume (r = 0.678, p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated that PV measured by MRI and TAUS is highly correlated and reliable with the specimen volume. MRI might be a more appropriate choice for measuring the large prostate.
Topics: Humans; Male; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Prostate; Prostatectomy; Prostatic Neoplasms; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 37069539
DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01234-5 -
Journal of Ultrasound Sep 2019Ultrasonography is the first-line imaging modality in the evaluation of the female pelvis in childhood and adolescence, because it is easy to perform, non-invasive and... (Review)
Review
Ultrasonography is the first-line imaging modality in the evaluation of the female pelvis in childhood and adolescence, because it is easy to perform, non-invasive and it does not require sedation. The transabdominal approach is preferred in children and adolescents, after filling the bladder to move away the bowel loops from the pelvis. The probe frequency must be adapted to age, thickness of tissues and depth of the structures under examination. High-frequency (4-12 MHz) linear or convex probes are used in newborns; high-frequency linear probes (4-12 MHz) in toddler, convex 5-7.5 MHz probes in girls and convex 3.5-5 MHz probes in teenagers. In this article, the main pathological conditions of the genital female tract in pediatric age are examined, such as congenital anomalies, disorders of sex development, ovarian cysts, ovarian tumors, adnexal torsion, primary amenorrhea, precocious puberty and pelvic inflammatory disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Anatomic Variation; Child; Child, Preschool; Disorders of Sex Development; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Genitalia, Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Multimodal Imaging; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 30778893
DOI: 10.1007/s40477-019-00358-5 -
Journal of Medical Imaging and... Mar 2021Preoperative differentiation between neoplastic and nonneoplastic gallbladder polyps, and the subsequent indication for cholecystectomy remains a clinical dilemma. The...
BACKGROUND
Preoperative differentiation between neoplastic and nonneoplastic gallbladder polyps, and the subsequent indication for cholecystectomy remains a clinical dilemma. The current 1 cm size threshold for neoplasia is unspecific. The aim of this study was to improve diagnostic work-up for gallbladder polyps using sonographic and MRI characteristics of neoplastic and nonneoplastic polyps.
METHODS
A prospective, exploratory study including patients undergoing cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyp(s) was conducted. Patients underwent targeted transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) and MRI. Outcomes were sensitivity and specificity for polyp diagnosis, and the radiological characteristics of neoplastic and nonneoplastic polyp types. Histopathology after cholecystectomy was used as reference standard.
RESULTS
Histopathology demonstrated gallbladder polyps in 20/27 patients (74%): 14 cholesterol polyps, three adenomyomatosis, two adenomas and one gastric heterotopia. Sensitivity of polyp identification were 72% (routine TAUS) and 86% (targeted TAUS and MRI). Both adenomas were identified as neoplastic on targeted TAUS and MRI. Sonographic presentation as multiple, pedunculated polyps, either heterogeneous or with hyperechoic foci, or as single polyps containing cysts were limited to nonneoplastic polyps. On MRI hyperintense polyps on T1-weighted image were cholesterol polyps. An adenoma with high-grade dysplasia showed foci of decreased ADC values. We propose a checklist for polyp evaluation by targeted TAUS and a flowchart for radiological work-up of gallbladder polyps.
CONCLUSIONS
The presented checklist and flowchart could aid diagnostic work-up for gallbladder polyps compared to current routine ultrasound, by elimination of nonneoplastic polyps and ultimately improve treatment decision for patients with gallbladder polyps.
Topics: Cholecystectomy; Contrast Media; Female; Gallbladder Diseases; Humans; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Meglumine; Middle Aged; Netherlands; Organometallic Compounds; Polyps; Prospective Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 33422451
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2020.12.003 -
Journal of Environmental and Public... 2022The objective of this study is to evaluate feasibility and accuracy of transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound (TA-CDUS) and transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound...
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is to evaluate feasibility and accuracy of transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound (TA-CDUS) and transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound (TV-CDUS) as screening methods for pregnant women with vasa previa (VP) and velamentous cord insertion (VCI).
METHODS
A retrospective diagnostic accuracy study was performed on 5,434 pregnant women from 2018 to 2021, who underwent both TA-CDUS and TV-CDUS. Diagnostic performance of TA-CDUS and TV-CDUS was determined using specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, and positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR and LR), using the delivery information (gross examination) as the "Gold-standard". Patient records were reviewed for demographics and diagnosis.
RESULTS
The combination of VP and VCI was diagnosed in 37/5434 (0.68%) women at delivery. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and overall test accuracy of TA-CDUS were 72.97%, 99.85%, 77.14%, 99.81%, and 99.67%, respectively, for diagnosing VP with VCI. The corresponding values for TV-CDUS were 89.19%, 99.87%, 82.50%, 99.93%, and 99.80%, respectively. Moreover, the sensitivity of combination of TA-CDUS and TA-CDUS in determining VP with VCI was 97.30%, specificity 99.98%, PPV 97.30%, NPV 99.98%, and accuracy 99.96%. No significant difference in the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis was found between the examination by TA-CDUS and TV-CDUS.
CONCLUSIONS
Both TA-CDUS and TV-CDUS can be acceptable diagnostic tools for assessment of pregnant women with VP and VCI, with a better application of TV-CDUS with higher accuracy. The combination of TA-CDUS and TV-CDUS could provide an objective imaging basis for choosing clinical treatment strategies and predicting prognosis.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Predictive Value of Tests; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; Vasa Previa
PubMed: 36213044
DOI: 10.1155/2022/1685783 -
Arthritis Research & Therapy Apr 2021The esophagus involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is very common yet underestimated due to the lack of suitable screening tools. This study aims to explore the...
BACKGROUND
The esophagus involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is very common yet underestimated due to the lack of suitable screening tools. This study aims to explore the usefulness of ultrasound (US) in the assessment of esophagus involvement and to identify its relationship with clinical and CT manifestations.
METHODS
We performed transabdominal esophageal US in 38 SSc patients and 38 controls. US parameters including the abdominal esophagus length, esophagus wall thickness, shear-wave elastography, gastro-esophageal (His) angle, and reflux were compared. Relationships between distinguishable US parameters and clinical/CT parameters, such as gastro-esophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GERDQ), modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS), interstitial lung disease (ILD) score, the largest esophagus diameter (Dmax), and esophagus dilation percentage (%Eop), were evaluated.
RESULTS
Abdominal esophagus length was shorter in the SSc group than the control group (2.69 cm vs 3.06 cm, P = 0.018), whereas His angle and the angle change before and after drinking water were larger in the SSc group than the control group (121° vs 108°, P < 0.001; 7.97° vs 2.92°, P = 0.025). Reflux was more frequently seen in the SSc group than the control group (7/38 vs 0/38; P = 0.017). As for correlation with clinical and CT parameters, His angle was higher in patients with GERDQ ≥ 8 than GERDQ < 8 (116.5° vs 125.6°, P = 0.035). Patients with reflux showed higher ILD score than patients without (15.8 vs 9.6, P = 0.043). Furthermore, abdominal esophagus length was negatively correlated with %Eop and Dmax (r = - 0.573, P < 0.001; r = - 0.476, P = 0.003).
CONCLUSION
US parameters of the esophagus can distinguish SSc patients from controls, as well as have correlations with clinical and CT characteristics. Our pilot study first shows that US can be used as a noninvasive and convenient method to evaluate the esophagus involvement in SSc.
Topics: Esophagus; Humans; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Pilot Projects; Scleroderma, Systemic; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 33882993
DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02505-y -
The Australian & New Zealand Journal of... Jun 2019Intrapartum ultrasound has been proposed as a method of assessing labour progress but its acceptability has not been comprehensively assessed. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Intrapartum ultrasound has been proposed as a method of assessing labour progress but its acceptability has not been comprehensively assessed.
AIMS
We evaluated the acceptability of intrapartum ultrasound in women having vaginal examination (VE) and ultrasound (US) assessment (transabdominal (TA) and transperineal (TP)) prior to delivery, with and without regional analgesia (RA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Women at 24-42 weeks gestation were included in a prospective observational cohort study. The acceptability of digital VE and TP US were assessed pre- and post-examination using the modified validated Wijma Delivery Experience Questionnaire. Acceptability scores ranged 6-36 (6 being most and 36 being least positive) in six domains: positive-trust and relax, negative-harmful to baby, worrying, painful, intrusive.
RESULTS
Of 119 women recruited, 104 completed both pre- and post-assessment questionnaires. Eighty-nine per cent of women were nulliparous with median gestation 40 + 2 weeks (25-42 ). Thirty-two per cent had RA before assessment, 91% in total. The combined acceptability scores of both negative and positive experiences (6 = most acceptable, 36 = least acceptable) for VE and US pre-assessment were 15 and 7 respectively (P < 0.0001: Mann-Whitney U-test). VE was associated with less positive / more negative domain scoring post-assessment 12 and 6, respectively (P < 0.0001). Although RA made no difference to the perceived experience pre-VE (P = 0.9), post-VE, women with RAs considered VEs more acceptable than those without RA (P = 0.0022).
CONCLUSION(S)
This is the first study to comprehensively assess the acceptability of VE and intrapartum US. US assessment prior to delivery is more acceptable than VE. RA ameliorated the negative experience of the VE post-assessment.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cohort Studies; Female; Gynecological Examination; Humans; Middle Aged; Obstetric Labor Complications; Patient Satisfaction; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Ultrasonography, Prenatal; Young Adult
PubMed: 30024022
DOI: 10.1111/ajo.12864 -
Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology Apr 2017The performance of transabdominal ultrasound (US) in chronic pancreatitis (CP) following the advances in US technology made during recent decades has not been explored....
The performance of transabdominal ultrasound (US) in chronic pancreatitis (CP) following the advances in US technology made during recent decades has not been explored. Our aim in this prospective study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of modern abdominal US compared with the Mayo score in CP. One hundred thirty-four patients referred for suspected CP were included in the study. Fifty-four patients were assigned the diagnosis CP. After inclusion, transabdominal US was performed. Ductal features (calculi, dilations and caliber variations, side-branch dilations and hyper-echoic duct wall margins) and parenchymal features (calcifications, cysts, hyper-echoic foci, stranding, lobulation and honeycombing) were recorded. Features were counted and scored according to a weighting system defined at the international consensus meeting in Rosemont, Illinois (Rosemont score). Diagnostic performance indices (95% confidence interval) of US were calculated: The unweighted count of features had a sensitivity of 0.69 (0.54-0.80) and specificity of 0.97 (0.90-1). The Rosemont score had a sensitivity of 0.81 (0.69-0.91) and specificity of 0.97 (0.90-1). Exocrine pancreatic failure was most pronounced in Rosemont groups I and II (p < 0.001). We conclude that using both unweighted and weighted scores, the diagnostic accuracy of modern transabdominal US is good. The extent of pancreatic changes detected by the method is correlated with exocrine pancreatic function.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreas; Pancreatitis, Chronic; Prospective Studies; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Ultrasonography; Young Adult
PubMed: 28108042
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.11.020 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Nov 2012Biliary strictures are considered indeterminate when basic work-up, including transabdominal imaging and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with routine... (Review)
Review
Biliary strictures are considered indeterminate when basic work-up, including transabdominal imaging and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with routine cytologic brushing, are non-diagnostic. Indeterminate biliary strictures can easily be mischaracterized which may dramatically affect patient's outcome. Early and accurate diagnosis of malignancy impacts not only a patient's candidacy for surgery, but also potential timely targeted chemotherapies. A significant portion of patients with indeterminate biliary strictures have benign disease and accurate diagnosis is, thus, paramount to avoid unnecessary surgery. Current sampling strategies have suboptimal accuracy for the diagnosis of malignancy. Emerging data on other diagnostic modalities, such as ancillary cytology techniques, single operator cholangioscopy, and endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration, revealed promising results with much improved sensitivity.
Topics: Bile Duct Neoplasms; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; Biopsy; Cholangiocarcinoma; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Cholestasis; Constriction, Pathologic; Endosonography; Humans; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis
PubMed: 23180939
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i43.6197 -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Nov 2021A 14-y-old pony mare was referred after 30-d duration of intermittent pyrexia, anorexia, weight loss, and change in manure consistency. Physical examination revealed a...
A 14-y-old pony mare was referred after 30-d duration of intermittent pyrexia, anorexia, weight loss, and change in manure consistency. Physical examination revealed a palpable but reducible ventral abdominal mass. Transabdominal ultrasonography revealed multiple distended, hypomotile, and thickened small intestinal loops in close approximation with numerous, well-defined, hyperechoic masses. There was a large amount of echogenic peritoneal fluid; abdominocentesis revealed a neutrophilic and macrophagic inflammatory exudate, and a mixed bacterial population was cultured. Given the poor prognosis, the mare was euthanized. The autopsy findings included a large abdominal abscess, serosanguineous peritoneal fluid with fibrin strands, and ~50 outpouches communicating with the lumen and extending from the anti-mesenteric aspect of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. These structures were classified as pseudodiverticula based on the histologic absence of the tunica muscularis layer of the intestinal wall. Pseudodiverticula should be included as a differential etiology in horses when clinical signs consistent with colic, diarrhea, or weight loss are recognized and, when on examination, one or more organized masses are palpated or visualized on transabdominal ultrasound, as well as visualization of small intestinal loops with thickened walls.
Topics: Animals; Ascitic Fluid; Colic; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Intestine, Small; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 34293994
DOI: 10.1177/10406387211032001 -
Fertility and Sterility Feb 2006To assess the clinical value of transabdominal ultrasound (TAS)--assisted embryo transfer on outcomes of in vitro fertilization--embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in comparison... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
To assess the clinical value of transabdominal ultrasound (TAS)--assisted embryo transfer on outcomes of in vitro fertilization--embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in comparison to the "clinical touch" method of transcervical embryo transfer by one physician and to determine if transabdominal ultrasound should be applied to all cases of embryo transfer in this practice.
DESIGN
A retrospective comparison study.
SETTING
A university-based IVF practice.
PATIENT(S)
Two hundred forty-nine patients who underwent transcervical transfer of fresh embryos created using autologous oocytes performed by the same physician from July 1, 2003, to June 30, 2004.
INTERVENTION(S)
On selected days, at time of embryo transfer, transabdominal ultrasound was performed to guide catheter placement depth approximately 1 cm from the uterine fundus.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
The presence of at least one gestational sac on ultrasound was compared in the two study groups; additionally, the clinical pregnancy rate (presence of fetal cardiac activity observed on ultrasound), the ectopic pregnancy rate, the biochemical pregnancy rate, and the implantation rate (number of gestational sacs identified on ultrasound per number of embryos transferred) between groups was evaluated. Characteristics of the two cohorts were analyzed to verify similarities between the treatment and control groups, including age of recipient, prior IVF history, day of transfer (day 3 or day 5 after retrieval), difficulty of transfer, the use of a tenaculum, and the quality and number of embryos transferred.
RESULT(S)
No statistical difference was seen in the presence or number of gestational sacs following embryo transfer with or without transabdominal ultrasound guidance.
CONCLUSION(S)
No additional advantage is conferred when using transabdominal ultrasound to perform embryo transfer. In experienced hands, the "clinical touch" method of embryo transfer yields equivalent results to transabdominal ultrasound-guided embryo placement. However, in patients with a prior history of difficult uterine sounding or embryo transfer, transabdominal ultrasound guidance may still play a role.
Topics: Abdomen; Adult; Catheterization; Embryo Transfer; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Humans; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 16595211
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.08.015